Biosurfactants
Rhamnolipids yog ib hom tshuaj lom neeg surfactant nrog cov khoom siv metabolic uas tsim los ntawm Pseudomonas lossis Burkholderia, koom nrog hauv chav kawm ntawm anionic surfactants ntawm glycolipids. Nws muaj ntau yam kev siv thiab kev ua haujlwm, suav nrog tab sis tsis txwv rau kev siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev ntub dej, emulsifier, thiab tus neeg sawv cev foaming. Cov qauv molecular ntawm rhamnolipids muaj xws li hydrophilic thiab hydrophobic pawg. Cov pawg hydrophilic feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm 1-2 rhamnose molecules, thaum pawg hydrophobic yog tsim los ntawm 1-2 saturated los yog unsaturated fatty acid molecules nrog sib txawv carbon chain lengths. Cov qauv no tso cai rau rhamnolipids nrog lub peev xwm los txo cov dej ntawm qhov nro thiab roj-dej interfacial nro, ua rau lawv tswj hwm lawv cov dej num nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav xws li kub siab, pH qhov tseem ceeb, thiab cov dej qab ntsev ib puag ncig. Tsis tas li ntawd, rhamnolipids kuj muaj toxicity tsawg lossis tsis muaj tshuaj lom, yooj yim rau biodegrade, thiab yog ib puag ncig zoo.
Kev tshawb fawb thiab kev siv ntawm rhamnolipids muaj keeb kwm ntev, nrog rau lub sijhawm tshawb fawb ntev tshaj plaws thiab cov ntawv thov kev paub ntau tshaj plaws txij li nws qhov kev tshawb pom thawj zaug thiab piav qhia hauv xyoo 1947. Nws tsis tsuas yog muaj nyob hauv av, dej hauv av, thiab nroj tsuag, tab sis kuj muaj peev xwm siv dav. hauv kev lag luam thiab tshuaj. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv kev lag luam tshuaj niaj hnub, rhamnolipids tuaj yeem siv los ua cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj zog nrog kev ua haujlwm saum npoo av thiab emulsifying zog. Lawv diffuse cov khoom los ntawm dispersion thiab wetting zog, muaj zoo cell permeability, thiab tseem muaj peev xwm emulsify roj nyob rau hauv pores, txo qhov tshwm sim ntawm pob txuv. Hauv kev ua liaj ua teb, khoom noj khoom haus, tshuaj pleev ib ce, thiab bioremediation, rhamnolipids kuj tau qhia lawv tus nqi tshwj xeeb thiab qhov tseem ceeb. cov
